如何减少对称量结果的干扰影响

2026-10-13

冷、热、气流:多种影响因素都会导致称量过程出现偏差,这是不希望出现的状况,只有通过合适的称量技术和所需的背景知识才能避免。作为国际工业称重和检测技术制造商之一,茵泰科了解需要考虑哪些参数才能获得可靠的称重结果,并为用户提供合适的解决方案。

如果您在废品回收中心对少量废金属的称重结果不能精确到克,这不是一个大问题。但是例如为了确定贵金属或工业用商品的价格,以及为了准确遵守特定配方的称重过程,精度在十分之一克范围内的绝对准确的质量测定就非常重要了。这是正确标价和达到所需质量的先决条件。为了达到如此高的精度,必须考虑许多因素,并且必须实施各种设计措施。

位置问题:测量位置和温度

测量结果是否能真正表明产品的确切质量不仅仅取决于所用秤的质量好坏。即使秤已经被正确安装和校正,许多因素也会影响到最终结果。例如,通常假设地球上各处的重力总是相同的。然而,情况并非如此,因为地球不是一个完美的球体,在每个位置都有不同的密度。当地到赤道的距离和到地心的距离也有不同。即使将秤的位置更改到建筑物的较高或较低楼层,测量结果也会改变约1 ppm 的范围,即对于1000 g的负载,称重结果会偏离1 mg。为了可靠地避免此类偏差,茵泰科为其客户提供广泛的专业知识和众多的工程服务。该公司的产品包括带有EMFC的称重系统(例如Signum或IS平台秤)的移动式可验证称重解决方案,该系统还具有内置校准砝码。因此,由位置变化引起的偏差总是可以得到纠正。这些系统非常灵活,甚至可以在多个纬度范围内提供精确的测量结果。

温度对秤的测量结果也有影响。热量可能会导致系统出现问题,这些问题可能会以其它方式表现出来,例如机械尺寸的变化、由于所用材料的膨胀而产生的力以及单个称重组件的性能变化。在极冷地区,冰雪负载可能会导致不正确的称量结果,在筒仓中,称重电子设备也有温度误差。工业秤必须在寒冷的环境中提供与炎热沙漠地区相同的结果,那里的温度可能比西伯利亚冬季的温度高100度以上。茵泰科的工程支持专家拥有多年处理此类极端要求的经验。

例如,PR 6212称重传感器具有高耐热性,可确保化学和钢铁行业等行业的可靠流程。该紧凑型产品提供高达180°C的可选高温版本,并通过具有扩展水平拉杆和集成提升保护,吸收温度波动。此外,即使发生振动,高水平的抗振性也能确保精确的测量结果。

温度波动需要避免,要调整温度应用范围的偏差,以实现正确的称量结果。例如,如果工业秤具有 ≤ 2x10-6/K的灵敏度温度效应,并已调整为在18°C下使用,那在21°C下使用时,其灵敏度偏差可能高达0.6 mg/100 g。

当潮湿空气流过寒冷的表面时,会发生取决于温度和空气水分含量的另一种影响,导致水分以冷凝水的形式沉积在表面。在高分辨率秤上称量小物体时,特别容易出现不正确的测量结果。

不良空气变化如何导致错误结果

气流、空气浮力和风力对称重结果的可能影响往往被低估。这些破坏性因素主要发生在室外区域,其中流动的空气(例如高筒仓中)会产生动态压力,从而使可重复的称重结果变得更加困难。强风还可能导致产生提升力,尤其是在卧式罐的情况下,使无法精确称重成为大问题。气流扭曲称重结果的程度还取决于诸如罐体的形状和大小、罐体表面的光滑度以及与其它可能产生风影的高层建筑的距离等因素。

除了考虑对称重结果可能产生的负面影响外,在开发户外称重解决方案时,将所有系统元件设计为具有足够的弹性和稳定性以应对风力,以确保可靠运行并获得正确的测量结果,这一点极为重要。要确定所选称重传感器、机械约束器和起重保护元件的容量。

Inteco®/PR 6203 称重传感器——茵泰科著名的PR 6201传感器的升级版适用于许多户外应用。茵泰科的 FlexLock安装套件可大大减少运动对称重结果的影响,从而特别减少风力对户外区域称重过程的负面影响。这种用于筒仓和容器称重的灵活、创新的称重解决方案还具有高水平的抗振性。

静电和磁性 —— 哪些措施可以确保精确的结果

静电荷对被称量的材料、秤盘或称重传感器施加作用力,导致测量结果严重失真,测量结果的可重复性变差。不同磁性材料相遇时产生的磁力也会造成这类影响。

对于许多材料,可以使用防静电喷雾或电离风扇消除静电。应通过使测量对象远离所有磁性或磁化部件或通过消磁或屏蔽对象来抵消磁力。

尤其是塑料生产中的称重过程通常会面临静电荷方面的挑战,这可能会扭曲称重结果。静电荷可以通过在动态检重秤中使用电离器来中和,例如WK+ 检重秤:检重秤结合了实用功能,例如用于防止气流的屏蔽帽和电离器,具有高 精确可靠的称量。通过这种量身定制的解决方案,茵泰科能够中和塑料部件中的静电,从而在众多应用中实现精确的称重结果。

振动、摩擦、过载和地震——极端条件下的称重解决方案

振动、摩擦、过载和冲击载荷是在称重过程中会极大影响测量结果的因素,因此应尽可能避免或至少加以限制。例如,当连接件因产品沉积而在长时间运行后变硬并无法活动时,或者当软管和电缆管道随着时间的推移失去柔韧性时,就会发生摩擦。定期清洁和维护有助于在很大程度上避免以这种方式造成的测量误差。.

地震是地球上最具破坏性的力量之一。即使是很小的地震载荷也会扭曲称重过程,而严重的地震会带来整个结构被毁坏的风险。在地震多发地区使用测量技术时,称重传感器的特殊安装套件可在容器的热膨胀或机械膨胀或收缩方面提供一定程度的安全性,以避免建筑物倒塌或筒仓倒塌的风险,从而提供适当的保护。

PR 6241系列称重传感器专为称重中小型工艺容器和高精度计量而设计。 它们独特的设计原理:“真实”剪切力原理和钟摆支撑原理的结合——与 FlexLock 安装套件一起使用可以补偿容器或支撑结构的机械或热收缩或膨胀引起的运动。创新的称重模块Novego提供了另一种在市场上独树一帜的解决方案。即使存在高达20%负载的侧向力,Novego也能保证测量精度。对横向力的显着作用消除了由振动引起的不准确性,使其成为例如带有混合器的称重容器的理想选择。此外,许多茵泰科系统的集成过载保护确保了强大的解决方案,即使在极端机械负载下也能可靠运行。

称重传感器:最佳精度的重要标准

测量结果的准确性不仅受上述一般或环境因素的影响。有时,选择了不正确的组件、安装错误或调整和校准错误也会对测量质量产生了负面影响。

例如,有种强大的解决方案是茵泰科的Flexus自动检重秤。它可根据要求配备高精度称重传感器WZED,该称重传感器在称重带下方不受外部影响。此外,定制的进料和出料皮带结构确保称重几乎没有振动。除了在称重时提高速度和精度外,该解决方案还提供电磁力补偿,并降低了对温度、湿度或风等因素干扰的敏感性。因此,可以根据所有标准对最小重量为5 g或更多的产品进行可验证的称重。WZED 已获得MID批准,适用于需要验证且传送带速度范围高达每秒3 m的应用,因此也可用于每分钟高达600个物体的高速应用。该称重传感器特别适用于糖果行业或罐头产品的动态称重,也适用于制药、化学品或化妆品生产等行业。

凭借Combics®系列的工业秤,茵泰科还使用久经考验的高分辨率应变计技术来保证长期可靠的测量结果。Combics®可达到高达60,000 d的分辨率。Combics®工业秤涵盖了众多不同行业的各种称重任务,并通过了GMP、ISO、ATEX、OIML和FDA认证。

茵泰科的 Signum®工业秤和数字IS平台提供高达620,000 d的分辨率,这些平台基于其电磁力补偿实现了出色的质量测定精度。Signum®非常坚固耐用,并且由于其高度用户友好的界面,可以轻松完美地适应工业环境中的环境条件。

专家的建议

在确定质量时,广泛的内部和外部影响因素都可能导致错误的结果。茵泰科150多年来一直在解决这个问题,累积各种经验,可以在选择正确的称重技术以及正确安装、调整和定期校准该技术时为用户提供理想的支持。公司针对自动和手动称重和检测过程的全面产品和服务为各种应用和行业提供量身定制的解决方案,即使在面临破坏性影响的情况下也能获得精确的称重结果。

     本文转载自www.minebea-intec.com.cn

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